Which of the following is not a component of syntax errors?

The option identifying "Improper data handling" as not a component of syntax errors is correct because syntax errors specifically pertain to issues in the structure or formatting of code rather than how data is managed or processed within that code.

Syntax errors arise when the code written does not conform to the rules of the programming language, which can manifest as undeclared variables, missing brackets that lead to unclosed code blocks, or incomplete statements that prevent the code from executing properly. These errors are caught by the compiler or interpreter during the parsing phase, before the program is run, making them distinct from runtime errors that could arise from poor data handling.

Improper data handling may involve logical errors or issues with the way data is manipulated or utilized within the program, but these do not directly impact the syntax of the code itself, thus clearly positioning it outside the realm of syntax errors.